针对当前局部立体匹配视差精度低的问题,提出了一种二次引导滤波模型,并应用于局部立体匹配算法。在新设计的二次引导滤波模型中,将第一次引导滤波的输出图像作为第二次引导滤波的引导图像,克服了传统引导滤波的缺陷,抑制了噪声。在代价聚合阶段引入二次引导滤波,使用跨尺度框架聚合各尺度的匹配代价,进一步提高算法匹配精度。实验结果表明,基于二次引导滤波的局部立体匹配算法在Middlebury测试平台上对标准立体图像对的检测具有更高的精度,且代价聚合步骤的时间复杂度与滤波窗口大小无关,在匹配精度和速度上都取得了良好的效果。二次引导滤波的思想有望在立体匹配等领域取得更广泛的应用。

Adriamycin (doxorubicin), a common cancer chemotherapeutic drug, can be used to induce a model of chronic progressive glomerular disease in rodents. In our studies, we evaluated renal changes in a rat model after Adriamycin injection using two-photon microscopy (TPM), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Doppler OCT (DOCT). Taking advantage of deep penetration and fast scanning speed for three-dimensional (3D) label-free imaging, OCT/DOCT system was able to reveal glomerular and tubular pathology noninvasively and in real time. By imaging renal pathology following the infusion of fluorophore-labeled dextrans of different molecular weights, TPM can provide direct views of glomerular and tubular flow dynamics with the onset and progression of renal disease. Specifically, glomerular permeability and filtration, proximal and distal tubular flow dynamics can be revealed. 6–8 weeks after injection of Adriamycin, TPM and OCT/DOCT imaging revealed glomerular sclerosis, compromised flow across the glomerular wall, tubular atrophy, tubular dilation, and variable intra-tubular flow dynamics. Our results indicate that TPM and OCT/DOCT provide real-time imaging of renal pathology in vivo that has not been previously available using conventional microscopic procedures.

In the past two decades, two-photon microscopy (TPM) transforms biomedical research, allowing nondestructive high-resolution fluorescent molecular imaging and label-free imaging in vivo and in real time. Here we review the recent advances of TPM technology including novel laser sources, new image acquisition paradigms, and microendoscopic imaging systems. Then, we survey the capabilities of TPM imaging of biological relevant molecules such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Biomedical applications of TPM in neuroscience and cancer detection are demonstrated.